
During the Hellenistic period and Roman period, the Old Testament was translated into the lingua franca of the Eastern Mediterranean and Near East, Koine Greek, allowing foreigners to read it for the first time (which was especially useful since Hebrew had stopped being a commonly spoken language as most Jews had switched to speaking Aramaic). Many Egyptians during this time, most notably writers such as Manetho, Apion, and Chaeremon, absolutely hated how they were portrayed in the Book of Exodus and responded by equating Yahweh with Set, the Egyptian god of chaos, destruction, and foreigners.
They actually tried to provide arguments for why Yahweh was Set other than “we don't like being villainized.” Some of these arguments include
- They claimed the plagues in Exodus resembled calamities traditionally inflicted by Set.
- They compared Yahweh challenging the authority of the Egyptian Pharaoh in Exodus to Set, who in Egyptian mythology is an adversary god associated with chaos and the overturning of the established hierarchy (e.g. in his conflict with Osiris and Horus).
- They claimed Yahweh had linguistic and symbolic links to Set. The name Yahweh to them sounded similar to the Egyptian word for donkey (eio), an animal traditionally associated with Set. The Jewish proscription against eating pork was also linked to the pig being a totemic animal of Set.
by TheIronzombie39
5 Comments
I mean technically they weren’t villians as everytime the pharaoh started to be sympathetic god literally hardened his heart
“Challenging our authority is ontologically evil, so your god is evil because he challenged our authority. It’s so nice being able to write our own morality that justifies everything we were already doing.”
As an Egyptian I confirm, 99% of our country worships Set rn
It’s always interesting when both sides (kind of) make it into the history books
We are better at this now. Nowadays we just say “it didn’t happen.”